Ggthjy

Good for you! in Russian

Can you reject a postdoc offer after the PI has paid a large sum for flights/accommodation for your visit?

htop displays identical program in multiple lines

Finding algorithms of QGIS commands?

What Happens when Passenger Refuses to Fly Boeing 737 Max?

How can I ensure my trip to the UK will not have to be cancelled because of Brexit?

How to create a hard link to an inode (ext4)?

How much stiffer are 23c tires over 28c?

Are babies of evil humanoid species inherently evil?

Do f-stop and exposure time perfectly cancel?

Is it true that real estate prices mainly go up?

How did Alan Turing break the enigma code using the hint given by the lady in the bar?

Rejected in 4th interview round citing insufficient years of experience

Word for a person who has no opinion about whether god exists

Is Gradient Descent central to every optimizer?

Regex for certain words causes Spaces

How can I budget to build up a down payment for a house over the course of a year?

Peter's Strange Word

How to pass a string to a command that expects a file?

Try Catch Block Affecting a Variable in an Enclosing Scope

Word-Letter Ladder

Virginia employer terminated employee and wants signing bonus returned

Aliens englobed the Solar System: will we notice?

If the Captain's screens are out, does he switch seats with the co-pilot?

Fourth person (in Slavey language)

What languages are the most similar to English?Grammar framework features that are not supported cross-linguisticallyBefore being borrowed by Europeans, was “hurricane” ever pronounced with an initial “f”?Why did English change so rapidly between the late 1600s and the early 1700s?Distinguishing between a symbol-based language and a frequency-based language?Does anyone know if there are plans for a 'successor' to Huddleston and Pullum (CamGEL or CGEL)?Explaining Grammatical “Mood” for the LaymenWhy Creole languages aren't the defaultHow to construct a grammar given a text and a dictionaryCan Native Americans of different linguistic background still communicate using sign language?

6

1

I was reading a Wikipedia article about the Slavey (Slave) language in Canada, and it says that Slavey has first, second, third and fourth person. I've never heard about a language having a fourth person, so I was just wondering if someone here knows when is this used and how it works? Or, since it isn't very likely you're familiar with this particular language, just in general, what does a fourth person in a language denote?

grammar linguistic-typology american-languages

share|improve this question

asked 3 hours ago

lmclmc

311211

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  The obviative article might be useful.
  
  – Michaelyus
  3 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

6

1

I was reading a Wikipedia article about the Slavey (Slave) language in Canada, and it says that Slavey has first, second, third and fourth person. I've never heard about a language having a fourth person, so I was just wondering if someone here knows when is this used and how it works? Or, since it isn't very likely you're familiar with this particular language, just in general, what does a fourth person in a language denote?

grammar linguistic-typology american-languages

share|improve this question

asked 3 hours ago

lmclmc

311211

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  The obviative article might be useful.
  
  – Michaelyus
  3 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

I was reading a Wikipedia article about the Slavey (Slave) language in Canada, and it says that Slavey has first, second, third and fourth person. I've never heard about a language having a fourth person, so I was just wondering if someone here knows when is this used and how it works? Or, since it isn't very likely you're familiar with this particular language, just in general, what does a fourth person in a language denote?

grammar linguistic-typology american-languages

share|improve this question

asked 3 hours ago

lmclmc

311211

share|improve this question

asked 3 hours ago

lmclmc

311211

share|improve this question

asked 3 hours ago

lmclmc

311211

asked 3 hours ago

lmclmc

311211

asked 3 hours ago

lmclmc

311211

1 Answer
1

active

oldest

votes

6

The fourth person is a (rare) synonym for the obviative. In languages with this feature, when there are two third-person referents and one of them is less salient, the less salient one may be marked as obviative and the more salient one as proximative. According to Rice (1989), the fourth-person pronoun go- is used for objects when the subject is third person (sorry, the source doesn't provide morpheme boundaries or a morpheme-by-morpheme gloss, and I'm not familiar with American languages):

(1)  nágoneht'u

     'S/he is hitting them(human).'

The fourth-person pronoun ye- is used for third-person direct nonhuman objects when the subject is third person, as a fourth-person possessor (Rice doesn't go into much detail about this use), and used for third-person oblique arguments whose subjects are animate and in the third person:

(2) rígodéhtá

    'S/he is counting them(human).'

    (The e is nasalised - no idea how to type the Americanist symbol, sorry)

(3) yeyíe káidhah

    4.guts

    (Again, the i is nasalised, and the gloss for the second word is also missing in the main text.)

(4) yegts'é rádí

    4.to    3.gives.help

    'S/he helps him/her.'

References:
Rice, K. (1989). A grammar of Slave. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

share|improve this answer

edited 2 hours ago

answered 3 hours ago

WavesWashSandsWavesWashSands

2,186928

add a comment | 

Your Answer

StackExchange.ready(function() {
var channelOptions = {
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "312"
};
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
createEditor();
});
}
else {
createEditor();
}
});

function createEditor() {
StackExchange.prepareEditor({
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: false,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: null,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader: {
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
},
noCode: true, onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
});


}
});

draft saved

draft discarded

Sign up or log in

StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});

Sign up using Google

Sign up using Facebook

Sign up using Email and Password

Post as a guest

Name

Email

Required, but never shown

StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2flinguistics.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f30864%2ffourth-person-in-slavey-language%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);

Post as a guest

Name

Email

Required, but never shown

6

The fourth person is a (rare) synonym for the obviative. In languages with this feature, when there are two third-person referents and one of them is less salient, the less salient one may be marked as obviative and the more salient one as proximative. According to Rice (1989), the fourth-person pronoun go- is used for objects when the subject is third person (sorry, the source doesn't provide morpheme boundaries or a morpheme-by-morpheme gloss, and I'm not familiar with American languages):

(1)  nágoneht'u

     'S/he is hitting them(human).'

The fourth-person pronoun ye- is used for third-person direct nonhuman objects when the subject is third person, as a fourth-person possessor (Rice doesn't go into much detail about this use), and used for third-person oblique arguments whose subjects are animate and in the third person:

(2) rígodéhtá

    'S/he is counting them(human).'

    (The e is nasalised - no idea how to type the Americanist symbol, sorry)

(3) yeyíe káidhah

    4.guts

    (Again, the i is nasalised, and the gloss for the second word is also missing in the main text.)

(4) yegts'é rádí

    4.to    3.gives.help

    'S/he helps him/her.'

References:
Rice, K. (1989). A grammar of Slave. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

share|improve this answer

edited 2 hours ago

answered 3 hours ago

WavesWashSandsWavesWashSands

2,186928

add a comment | 

6

The fourth person is a (rare) synonym for the obviative. In languages with this feature, when there are two third-person referents and one of them is less salient, the less salient one may be marked as obviative and the more salient one as proximative. According to Rice (1989), the fourth-person pronoun go- is used for objects when the subject is third person (sorry, the source doesn't provide morpheme boundaries or a morpheme-by-morpheme gloss, and I'm not familiar with American languages):

(1)  nágoneht'u

     'S/he is hitting them(human).'

The fourth-person pronoun ye- is used for third-person direct nonhuman objects when the subject is third person, as a fourth-person possessor (Rice doesn't go into much detail about this use), and used for third-person oblique arguments whose subjects are animate and in the third person:

(2) rígodéhtá

    'S/he is counting them(human).'

    (The e is nasalised - no idea how to type the Americanist symbol, sorry)

(3) yeyíe káidhah

    4.guts

    (Again, the i is nasalised, and the gloss for the second word is also missing in the main text.)

(4) yegts'é rádí

    4.to    3.gives.help

    'S/he helps him/her.'

References:
Rice, K. (1989). A grammar of Slave. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

share|improve this answer

edited 2 hours ago

answered 3 hours ago

WavesWashSandsWavesWashSands

2,186928

add a comment | 

The fourth person is a (rare) synonym for the obviative. In languages with this feature, when there are two third-person referents and one of them is less salient, the less salient one may be marked as obviative and the more salient one as proximative. According to Rice (1989), the fourth-person pronoun go- is used for objects when the subject is third person (sorry, the source doesn't provide morpheme boundaries or a morpheme-by-morpheme gloss, and I'm not familiar with American languages):

(1)  nágoneht'u

     'S/he is hitting them(human).'

The fourth-person pronoun ye- is used for third-person direct nonhuman objects when the subject is third person, as a fourth-person possessor (Rice doesn't go into much detail about this use), and used for third-person oblique arguments whose subjects are animate and in the third person:

(2) rígodéhtá

    'S/he is counting them(human).'

    (The e is nasalised - no idea how to type the Americanist symbol, sorry)

(3) yeyíe káidhah

    4.guts

    (Again, the i is nasalised, and the gloss for the second word is also missing in the main text.)

(4) yegts'é rádí

    4.to    3.gives.help

    'S/he helps him/her.'

References:
Rice, K. (1989). A grammar of Slave. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

share|improve this answer

edited 2 hours ago

answered 3 hours ago

WavesWashSandsWavesWashSands

2,186928

(1)  nágoneht'u

     'S/he is hitting them(human).'

(2) rígodéhtá

    'S/he is counting them(human).'

    (The e is nasalised - no idea how to type the Americanist symbol, sorry)

(3) yeyíe káidhah

    4.guts

    (Again, the i is nasalised, and the gloss for the second word is also missing in the main text.)

(4) yegts'é rádí

    4.to    3.gives.help

    'S/he helps him/her.'

share|improve this answer

edited 2 hours ago

answered 3 hours ago

WavesWashSandsWavesWashSands

2,186928

answered 3 hours ago

WavesWashSandsWavesWashSands

2,186928

answered 3 hours ago

WavesWashSandsWavesWashSands

2,186928